Can Nutrition Soc.meeting 11 Jan. 2014 Tor. Hyatt Regency Keynote Speaker Harvard Prof Paed. & Nutrition D.LUDWIG MD PhD (Stanford)

The John Fielding Crigler, Jr. & Mary Adele Sippel Crigler Chair in Pediatric Endocrinology; Director, Optimal Weight for Life (OWL) Clinic; Director, New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center Boston Children's Hospital Academic Title: Professor of Pediatrics (Harvard Medical School); Professor of Nutrition (Harvard School of Public Health) Research Area: obesity David Ludwig developed the Children's Optimal Weight for Life (OWL) Program --a multi-disciplinary care clinic dedicated to the evaluation and treatment of children who are overweight/obese. Not only does the program provide state-of-the-art care for overweight children, it also serves as a setting for clinical research to develop innovative treatments for pediatric obesity. He has also been the a principal or co-investigator of several epidemiological and clinical studies to identify dietary factors that contribute to obesity. His research has determined that: A low-glycemic index diet may be as or more effective than the standard reduced-fat diet for weight loss in children and adolescents. Consumption of soft drinks is directly related to obesity in children. Fast food consumption is associated with factors that increase risk of childhood obesity. Consumption of dairy products may offer protection against insulin resistance in overweight adults. About David Ludwig David Ludwig received a PhD and an MD from Stanford University School of Medicine. He completed an internship and residency in pediatrics and a fellowship in pediatric endocrinology at Boston Children's Hospital. Key Publications Weight-loss maintenance: mind over matter? NEJM 2010, 363:2159-2161 Technology, diet, and the burden of chronic disease. JAMA 2011, 305:1352-1353 The supplemental nutrition assistance program, soda, and USDA policy: who benefits? JAMA 2011, 306:1370-1 Effects of dietary composition on energy expenditure during weight-loss maintenance. JAMA 2012, 207:2627-2634 Surgical versus lifestyle treatment for type 2 diabetes. JAMA Effects of a low-glycemic load diet in overweight and obese pregnant women: a pilot randomized controlled trial (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2010 Dec) The Association Between Pregnancy Weight Gain and Birthweight: a Within-family Comparison (Lancet; 2010 Sept 18) Effects of Glycemic Index on Oxidative Stress (Obesity; 2009 Sept) Effects of Insulin Secretion on Response to Glycemic Load (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2008 Feb) Effects of Glycemic Index on Fatty Liver in Rodents (Obesity; 2007 Sept) An 18-month Study of a Low Glycemic Load Diet in Young Adults (JAMA; 2007 May 16) Funding Source Influences the Outcomes of Nutrition-Related Scientific Articles(PLoS Medicine; 2007 Jan) How TV Viewing Affects Children’s Diets (Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine; 2006 Apr) Reducing Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Causes Weight Loss in Adolescents (Pediatrics; 2006 Mar) Beneficial Effects of Low Glycemic Load Diet on Heart Disease Risk Factors(American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2005 May) Effects of Fast Food on Weight Gain and Insulin Resistance in Young Adults(Lancet; 2005 Jan 1) Beneficial Effects of a Low Glycemic Load Diet on “Body Weight Set Point”(JAMA; 2004 Nov 24) A High Glycemic Index Diet Causes Obesity in Rodents (Lancet; 2004 Aug 28) Why Fast Food Causes Weight Gain in Adolescents (JAMA; 2004 June 16) Effects of Fast Food on Calorie Consumption and Diet Quality in Children(Pediatrics; 2004 Jan) Weight Loss in Obese Adolescents on a Low Glycemic Load Diet (Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine; 2003 Aug) Effects of Dairy Consumption on the Metabolic Syndrome (JAMA; 2002 Apr 24) Effects of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage on Body Weight in Children (Lancet; 2001 Feb 17) A Low Glycemic Load Diet Promotes Weight Loss in the OWL Clinic (Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine; 2000 Sept) Fiber But Not Fat Consumption Affects Body Weight (JAMA; 1999 Oct 27) How Glycemic Index Affects Hunger and Food Consumption (Pediatrics; 1999 Mar) - See more at: http://www.childrenshospital.org/directory/researchers/l/david-ludwig#sthash.tTsl7vrn.dpuf

U.Tor.Prof.D J A JENKINS: "GLYCAEMIC INDEX"Can Nutrition Soc.meeting 11 Jan,2014 HYATT REGENCY

David J.A. Jenkins, BM,BCh (Oxon.1971),M.D., Ph.D., D.Sc. Professor Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Metabolism Department of Nutritional Sciences Director, Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital Ph: 416.978.4752 Fax: 416.978.5310 cyril.kendall@utoronto.ca Research: The ultimate goal of our research team is to elucidate the potential of diet to prevent and treat chronic diseases; primarily heart disease, cancer and diabetes. Our research is clinically based. Dietary trials allow us to also assess mechanisms in vivo by which diet and/or its components alter risk for disease. We have spent considerable time assessing the glycemic index of foods, and have identified legumes and traditional methods of processing as producing a low glycemic index (eg. white pasta - low vs. white bread - high) We have and continue to carry out research on vegetable proteins and their potential health benefits eg. soy, gluten, and other cereal and vegan proteins. Most recently we have started to combine foods with cholesterol lowering actions (soy, viscous fibers, oats, barley, plant sterols and nuts - almonds) in a single diet to lower serum cholesterol. We have demonstrated that early statin-like effects can be achieved under highly controlled conditions. In the real world this dietary approach has a somewhat dampened level of efficacy, but remains a highly effective dietary approach to cholesterol reduction. We continue to carry out studies on low glycemic index diets, and the quest to find new low glycemic index foods continues. We also work in collaboration with the food industry on a diverse spectrum of food products and food components ranging from macronutrients to phytochemicals. Selected publications: Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CWC. Faulkner DA. Nguyen T. Kemp T. Marchie A. Wong JM. de Souza R. Emam A. Vidgen E. Trautwein EA. Lapsley KG. Holmes C. Josse RG. Leiter LA. Connelly PW. Singer W. Assessment of the longer-term effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods in hypercholesterolemia.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 83(3):582-91, 2006 Mar. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CWC. Marchie A. Faulkner DA. Wong JMW. De Souza R. Emam A. Parker TL. Vidgen E. Trautwein EA. Lapsley KG. Josse RG. Leiter LA. Singer W. Connelly PW.Direct comparison of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods with a statin in hypercholesterolemic participants.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 81(2)(pp 380-387), 2005. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CWC. Marchie A. Faulkner DA. Josse AR. Wong JMW. de Souza R. Emam A. Parker TL. Li TJ. Josse RG. Leiter LA. Singer W. Connelly PW. Direct comparison of dietary portfolio vs statin on C-reactive protein.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 59(7)(pp 851-860), 2005. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CW. Marchie A. Faulkner DA. Wong JM. de Souza R. Emam A. Parker TL. Vidgen E. Lapsley KG. Trautwein EA. Josse RG. Leiter LA. Connelly PW. Effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods vs lovastatin on serum lipids and C-reactive protein.JAMA. 290(4):502-10, 2003 Jul 23. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CW. D'Costa MA. Jackson CJ. Vidgen E. Singer W. Silverman JA. Koumbridis G. Honey J. Rao AV. Fleshner N. Klotz L. Soy consumption and phytoestrogens: effect on serum prostate specific antigen when blood lipids and oxidized low-density lipoprotein are reduced in hyperlipidemic men.Journal of Urology. 169(2):507-11, 2003 Feb. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CW. Marchie A. Parker TL. Connelly PW. Qian W. Haight JS. Faulkner D. Vidgen E. Lapsley KG. Spiller GA. Dose response of almonds on coronary heart disease risk factors: blood lipids, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, and pulmonary nitric oxide: a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Circulation. 106(11):1327-32, 2002 Sep 10. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CWC. Augustin LSA. Martini MC. Axelsen M. Faulkner D. Vidgen E. Parker T. Lau H. Connelly PW. Teitel J. Singer W. Vandenbroucke AC. Leiter LA. Josse RG. Effect of wheat bran on glycemic control and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes.Diabetes Care. Vol. 25(9)(pp 1522-1528), 2002. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CW. Jackson CJ. Connelly PW. Parker T. Faulkner D. Vidgen E. Cunnane SC. Leiter LA. Josse RG. Effects of high- and low-isoflavone soyfoods on blood lipids, oxidized LDL, homocysteine, and blood pressure in hyperlipidemic men and women.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 76(2):365-72, 2002 Aug. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CW. Connelly PW. Jackson CJ. Parker T. Faulkner D. Vidgen E. Effects of high- and low-isoflavone (phytoestrogen) soy foods on inflammatory biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines in middle-aged men and women. Metabolism: Clinical & Experimental. 51(7):919-24, 2002 Jul. Jenkins, DJA. Kendall CW. Vuksan V. Vidgen E. Parker T. Faulkner D. Mehling CC. Garsetti M. Testolin G. Cunnane SC. Ryan MA. Corey PN. Soluble fiber intake at a dose approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for a claim of health benefits: serum lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease assessed in a randomized controlled crossover trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 75(5):834-9, 2002 May.

Editorial BMJ: American Med. Assn lobbying costs $16.5m

But in the ensuing days the BMJ published this data briefing looking at federal lobbying costs (doi:10.1136/bmj.f7366), and it portrays a scene in which doctors are far from absent. The single biggest spend on lobbying by a drug company in 2012 was Eli Lilly and Co’s $11.1m ({euro}8.1m, £6.8m). This was closely followed by Pfizer Inc at $10.2m and Merck and Co at $9.5m. But none even comes close to the $16.5m spent by the American Medical Association on influencing government to the benefit, often financial, of its members. And although it is by far the biggest spender of the professional representative organizations, the American Colleges of Radiology, Emergency Physicians, and Cardiology all counted their lobbying spends in millions of dollars in 2012, and are far from alone in doing so. There’s no doubt that self-interested lobbying represents a challenge in the battle against rising costs in US healthcare. What is less clear is whether doctors are part of the problem or the solution, and what they are willing to do to change the status quo. Cite this as: BMJ 2014;348:g135 Follow BMJ Editor Fiona Godlee on Twitter @fgodlee and the BMJ @bmj_latest